Samarpan Health
Anxiety & Trauma

Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD)

When trauma happened again and again.

Reviewed by our clinical team · Updated October 2026

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What is C-PTSD?

Complex PTSD is a trauma-related condition that develops after long or repeated exposure to distressing experiences that cause trauma. These experiences can deeply affect functioning in daily life, socially, academically, and professionally.

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Symptoms of C-PTSD

  • Flashbacks, nightmares, unwanted, and distressing memories.
  • Feelings of detachment from one's body, thoughts, or surroundings.
  • Constant emotional changes, including low mood and emotional numbness, intense shame or guilt, self-blame, and difficulties with memory.
  • Hypervigilance, sleep disturbances, irritability, and thoughts of self-harm or suicide.
  • Behavioural changes including anger outbursts, aggression, social withdrawal, and increased risk-taking behaviours.

Note: If you're having thoughts of self-harm or suicide, please call iCall at 9152987821, Monday to Saturday, 8am to 10pm, or go to your nearest emergency room.

Not sure if it's complex post-traumatic stress disorder (c-ptsd)?

A short, confidential self-assessment can help you decide whether it’s time to talk to someone.

Take a free self-assessment

Causes of C-PTSD

There are many causes of C-PTSD. Any type of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse can also affect C-PTSD. Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse. Domestic violence, assault, or prolonged exposure to threat. Witnessing traumatic or life-threatening events. Another cause is severe neglect, especially during childhood. Natural disasters, serious accidents, war, or displacement may cause C-PTSD. Finally, ongoing, repeated trauma with no real chance to escape or recover in between is what typically distinguishes C-PTSD from a single traumatic event.

Why treatment matters?

When left untreated, trauma disorders may lead to chronic mental health difficulties. These include ongoing trouble regulating emotions or maintaining stable relationships, depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, an increased risk of self-harm, substance misuse, or suicidal thoughts.

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Our approach at Samarpan

We use a personalised and evidence-based treatment model to support recovery from C-PTSD and trauma disorders.

Step 1

Assessment & Diagnosis

A comprehensive psychological evaluation is conducted to understand your trauma history, symptoms, and individual needs.

Step 2

Therapy

We provide structured therapies, including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and EMDR for trauma, and group therapy sessions to reduce intrusive memories, emotional distress, and negative self-beliefs.

Step 3

Medication Support (If Needed)

Psychiatric evaluation and medication management are used in combination to help stabilise PTSD-related symptoms such as anxiety, sleep problems, or mood disturbances.

Step 4

Long-Term Support & Follow-Up

We provide ongoing and structured trauma therapy with continued monitoring and support over time.

Frequently asked questions

Not sure where to start?

A care coordinator can talk you through your options and help you book the right first appointment.

Reaching out is the first step.

We are available at the clinic or online.

In crisis or thinking about self-harm? Please contact iCall on 9152987821 — TISS · Mon–Sat, 8am–10pm.